On this day in History
23rd January

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Events

393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor.
1510 - Henry VIII of England, then 18 years old, appears incognito in the lists at Richmond, and is applauded for his jousting before he reveals his identity.
1533 - Anne Boleyn, mistress of Henry VIII of England, discovers herself pregnant.
1546 - Having published nothing for eleven years, Francois Rabelais brings out his sequel to Gargantua and Pantagruel: the Tiers Livre.
1556 - The deadliest earthquake in history, the Shaanxi earthquake, hits Shaanxi province, China. The death toll may have been as high as 830,000.
1570 - The assassination of regent James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray throws Scotland into civil war.
1571 - The Royal Exchange opens in London.
1579 - The Union of Utrecht forms a Protestant republic in the Netherlands.
1656 - Blaise Pascal published the first of his Lettres provinciales.
1719 - The Principality of Liechtenstein is created within the Holy Roman Empire.
1789 - Georgetown College becomes the first Roman Catholic college in the United States (Washington, DC).
1793 - Russia and Prussia partition Poland.
1849 - Elizabeth Blackwell is awarded her M.D. by the Medical Institute of Geneva, New York, becoming the United States' first woman doctor.
1855 - The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens in what is now Minneapolis, Minnesota, a crossing made today by the Father Louis Hennepin Bridge.
1870 - In Montana, U.S. cavalrymen kill 173 Indians, mostly women and children, in the Marias Massacre.
1879 - Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Rorke's Drift ends.
1897 - Elva Zona Heaster found dead in Greenbrier County, West Virginia. The resulting murder trial of her husband was perhaps the only case in United States history where the alleged testimony of a ghost helped secure a conviction.
1899 - Emilio Aguinaldo was sworn in as President of the First Philippine Republic.
1904 - Ålesund Fire: Norwegian coastal town Ålesund is devastated by fire, leaving 10,000 people homeless and one person dead. Kaiser Wilhelm II funds the rebuilding of the town in Jugendstil architecture.
1907 - Charles Curtis of Kansas becomes the first Native American US Senator.
1912 - The International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague.
1920 - The Netherlands refuses to surrender ex-Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany to the Allies.
1924 - Bal Thackeray - The leader of Indian Politician Party Shiv Sena was born
1937 - In Moscow, 17 leading Communists go on trial accused of participating in a plot led by Leon Trotsky to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime and assassinate its leaders.
1941 - Charles Lindbergh testifies before the U.S. Congress and recommends that the United States negotiate a neutrality pact with Adolf Hitler.
1943 - World War II: British forces capture Tripoli in Libya from the Nazis.
1943 - Jewish-led Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
1943 - World War II: Australian and American forces finally defeat the Japanese army in Papua. This turning point in the Pacific War marks the beginning of the end of Japanese aggression.
1943 - Duke Ellington plays at Carnegie Hall in New York City for the first time.
1945 - World War II: Karl Dönitz launches Operation Hannibal.
1950 - The Knesset passes a resolution that states Jerusalem is the capital of Israel.
1960 - The bathyscaphe USS Trieste breaks a depth record by descending to 10,911 m (35,798 feet)in the Pacific Ocean.
1964 - The 24th Amendment to the United States Constitution, prohibiting the use of poll taxes in national elections, is ratified.
1967 - Milton Keynes (England) founded by Order in Council. (See History of Milton Keynes)
1968 - North Korea seizes the USS Pueblo, claiming the ship violated their territorial waters while spying.
1973 - President Richard Nixon announces that a peace accord has been reached in Vietnam.
1973 - A volcanic eruption devastates Heimaey in the Vestmannaeyjar chain of islands off the south coast of Iceland.
1977 - The first segment of the Roots mini-series airs on ABC.
1978 - Sweden becomes the first nation in the world to ban aerosol sprays, believed to be damaging to earth's protective ozone layer.
1985 - O.J. Simpson becomes the first Heisman Trophy winner elected to the Football Hall of Fame.
1986 - The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducts its first members: Chuck Berry, James Brown, Ray Charles, Fats Domino, Everly Brothers, Buddy Holly, Jerry Lee Lewis and Elvis Presley.
1996 - The first version of the Java programming language is released.
1997 - Madeleine Albright becomes the first woman to serve as United States Secretary of State.
2002 - "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh returns to the United States under FBI custody.
2002 - Reporter Daniel Pearl is kidnapped -- and subsequently murdered -- in Karachi, Pakistan.
2005 - Viktor Yushchenko is sworn in as the third President of Ukraine in Kiev, Ukraine.
2006 - After over 12 years of Liberal Party rule, Stephen Harper's Conservative Party wins the most seats in the Canadian federal election. Harper becomes the 22nd Prime Minister of Canada with a minority government, assuming office February 6.
Births

1350 - Vincent Ferrer, Spanish missionary and saint (d. 1419)
1719 - John Landen, English mathematician (d. 1790)
1745 - William Jessop, English canal engineer (d. 1814)
1783 - Stendhal, French writer (d. 1842)
1786 - Auguste de Montferrand, French architect (d. 1858)
1813 - Camilla Collett, Norwegian writer and feminist (d. 1895)
1827 - Takamori Saigo, Samurai, leader of Satsuma rebellion (d. 1877)
1832 - Edouard Manet, French artist (d. 1883)
1840 - Ernst Abbe, German physicist (d. 1905)
1857 - Andrija Mohorovi?i?, Croatian seismologist (d. 1936)
1862 - David Hilbert, German mathematician (d. 1943)
1872 - Goce Delchev, Macedonian revolutionary (d. 1903)
1872 - Paul Langevin, French physicist (d. 1946)
1872 - Joze Ple?nik, Slovenian architect (d. 1957)
1876 - Otto Diels, German chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1954)
1884 - Ralph DePalma, Italian-born race car driver (d. 1956)
1888 - Leadbelly, American blues and folk musician (d. 1949)
1896 - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (d. 1985)
1897 - Subhas Chandra Bose, Indian independence fighter (d. 1945)
1897 - Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, Austrian architect (d. 2000)
1897 - Sir William Samuel Stephenson, Canadian soldier, W.W.II codename, Intrepid. Inspiration for James Bond. (d. 1989)
1898 - Sergei Eisenstein, Russian film director (d. 1948)
1898 - Randolph Scott, American actor (d. 1987)
1898 - Freda Utley, British scholar and author (d. 1978)
1899 - Glen Kidston, British aviator and racing driver (d. 1931)
1900 - William Ifor Jones, Welsh conductor and organist (d. 1988)
1903 - Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, Colombian politician (d. 1948)
1907 - Dan Duryea, American actor (d. 1968)
1907 - Hideki Yukawa, Japanese physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1981)
1910 - Django Reinhardt, Belgian guitarist (d. 1953)
1915 - Arthur Lewis, British economist, Nobel laureate (d. 1991)
1915 - Potter Stewart, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 1985)
1918 - Gertrude B. Elion, American scientist, Nobel laureate (d. 1999)
1919 - Hans Hass, Austrian zoologist and underwater scientist
1919 - Ernie Kovacs, American comedian (d. 1962)
1923 - Walter M. Miller, Jr., American writer (d. 1996)
1928 - Chico Carrasquel, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 2005)
1928 - Jeanne Moreau, French actress
1929 - John Charles Polanyi, Canadian chemist, Nobel laureate
1929 - Patriarch Filaret (Mykhailo Denysenko) of Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kyiv Patriarchate
1930 - Derek Walcott, West Indian writer, Nobel laureate
1930 - Teresa ?ylis-Gara, Polish singer
1933 - Chita Rivera, Puerto Rican actress and dancer
1934 - Pierre Bourgault, Quebec politician and essayist (d. 2003)
1936 - Jerry Kramer, American football player
1938 - Shohei Baba, Japanese professional wrestler (d. 1999)
1938 - Georg Baselitz, German painter and sculptor
1939 - Sonny Chiba, Japanese actor and martial artist
1939 - Arlene Golonka, American actress
1940 - Johnny Russell, American country singer and songwriter (d. 2001)
1943 - Gil Gerard, American actor
1943 - Millie Jackson, American singer
1943 - Gary Burton, American jazz vibraphonist
1944 - Rutger Hauer, Dutch actor
1945 - Mike Harris, Canadian politician, Premier of Ontario
1946 - Arnoldo Alemán, ex-president of Nicaragua
1947 - Thomas R. Carper, American politician.
1947 - Megawati Sukarnoputri, 5th President of Indonesia
1948 - Anita Pointer, American singer (Pointer Sisters)
1950 - Richard Dean Anderson, American actor
1950 - Danny Federici, American musician (Bruce Springsteen and the E-Street Band)
1952 - Robin Zander, American singer (Cheap Trick)
1953 - Antonio Villaraigosa, American 52nd Mayor of Los Angeles
1954 - Franco De Vita, Venezuelan singer and songwriter
1957 - Princess Caroline of Monaco
1957 - Lou Schuler, American fitness journalist
1959 - Clive Bull, English radio talk show host
1962 - Elvira Lindo, Spanish writer and journalist
1963 - Gail O'Grady, American actress
1964 - Mariska Hargitay, American actress
1964 - Mario Roberge, Canadian ice hockey player
1967 - Naim Süleymano?lu, Bulgaria-born Turkish weightlifter
1968 - Petr Korda, Czech tennis player
1969 - Andrei Kanchelskis, Ukrainian-Russian footballer
1969 - Brendan Shanahan, Canadian ice hockey player
1969 - Ariadna Gil, Spanish actress
1970 - Spiridon Vasdekis, Greek long jumper
1972 - Marcel Wouda, Dutch swimmer
1972 - Mark Curry, American rapper
1973 - Lanei Chapman, American actress
1974 - Tiffani Thiessen, American actress
1974 - Richard T. Slone, British artist
1974 - Yosvani Pérez, Cuban baseball star
1974 - Rebekah Elmaloglou, Australian actress
1975 - Tito Ortiz, American UFC fighter
1976 - Angelica Lee, Taiwanese actress and singer
1979 - Larry Hughes, American basketball player
1979 - Sampsa Astala, Finnish musician (Lordi)
1982 - Wily Mo Pena, Dominican baseball player
1984 - Arjen Robben, Dutch footballer
1985 - Doutzen Kroes, Dutch supermodel
1985 - Dong Fangzhuo, Chinese footballer
1986 - Felicia Brandström, Swedish singer
1986 - José Enrique Sánchez, Spanish footballer
1986 - Steven Taylor, English footballer
Deaths

1199 - Yaqub, Almohad Caliph (b. 1160)
1548 - Bernardo Pisano, Italian composer (b. 1490)
1549 - Johannes Honter, Transylvanian Saxon humanist and theologian (b. 1498)
1567 - Jiajing, Emperor of China (b. 1507)
1570 - James Stewart, Earl of Moray, regent of Scotland (assassinated)
1622 - William Baffin, English explorer (b. 1584)
1744 - Giambattista Vico, Italian philosopher and historian (b. 1668)
1785 - Matthew Stewart, Scottish mathematician (b. 1717)
1789 - Frances Brooke, English writer (b. 1724)
1789 - John Cleland, English novelist (b. 1709)
1800 - Edward Rutledge, American statesman (b. 1749)
1803 - Arthur Guinness, Irish brewer (b. 1725)
1805 - Claude Chappe, French telecommunications pioneer (b. 1763)
1806 - William Pitt the Younger, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1759)
1812 - Robert Craufurd, British general (b. 1764)
1820 - Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Strathearn
1833 - Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, British admiral (b. 1757)
1837 - John Field, Irish composer (b. 1782)
1866 - Thomas Love Peacock, English satirist (b. 1785)
1875 - Charles Kingsley English writer (b. 1819)
1883 - Gustave Doré, French artist, engraver, and illustrator (b. 1832)
1893 - Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1825)
1922 - Arthur Nikisch, Hungarian conductor (b. 1855)
1923 - Max Nordau, Austrian author, philosopher, and Zionist leader (b. 1849)
1931 - Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (b. 1881)
1937 - Marie Prevost, Canadian actress (b. 1898)
1937 - Orso Mario Corbino, Italian physicist (b. 1876)
1939 - Matthias Sindelar, Austrian footballer (b. 1903)
1943 - Alexander Woollcott, American actor, author, and bon vivant (b. 1887)
1944 - Edvard Munch, Norwegian painter (b. 1863)
1944 - Viktor Gusev, Russian poet (b. 1909)
1956 - Alexander Korda, Hungarian/British film director (b. 1893)
1958 - Nikolaos Georgantas, Greek discus thrower (b. 1880 )
1971 - Fritz Feigl, Austria-born chemist (b. 1871)
1973 - Kid Ory, American jazz trombonist (b. 1886)
1976 - Paul Dupuis, French Canadian film and television actor (b. 1913)
1976 - Paul Robeson, American actor, singer, and social activist (b. 1898)
1977 - Toots Shor, New York restaurateur (b. 1903)
1978 - Terry Kath, American musician (Chicago) (b. 1946)
1978 - Jack Oakie, American actor (b. 1903)
1978 - Vic Ames, American singer (Ames Brothers) (b. 1925)
1981 - Samuel Barber, American composer (b. 1910)
1983 - Fred Bakewell, English cricketer (b. 1908)
1989 - Salvador Dalí, Catalan artist (b. 1904)
1990 - Allen Collins, American guitarist (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (b. 1952)
1992 - Freddie Bartholomew, Irish actor (b. 1924)
1993 - Thomas A. Dorsey, American singer (b. 1899)
1994 - Nikolai Ogarkov, Soviet field marshal (b. 1917)
1994 - Brian Redhead, English journalist and broadcaster (b. 1929)
1997 - Richard Berry, American composer and musician (b. 1935)
1999 - Jay Pritzker, American businessman (b. 1922)
1999 - Prince Lincoln Thompson, Jamaican musician (b. 1949)
2002 - Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist (b. 1930)
2002 - Paul Aars, American racecar driver (b. 1934)
2002 - Robert Nozick, American philosopher (b. 1938)
2003 - Nell Carter, American singer and actress (b. 1948)
2004 - Bob Keeshan, American actor (b. 1927)
2004 - Helmut Newton, German-born photographer (b. 1920)
2005 - Morys George Lyndhurst Bruce, 4th Baron Aberdare, British politician (b. 1921)
2005 - Johnny Carson, American television host (b. 1925)
2005 - Douglas Knight, American university president (b. 1921)
2006 - Ernie Baron, Philippine newscaster (b. 1940)
2006 - Chris McKinstry, Canadian scientist (b. 1967)
2007 - E. Howard Hunt, American Watergate figure (b. 1918)
2007 - Ryszard Kapu?ci?ski, Polish journalist and writer (b. 1932)

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